| Titel: | High wind power penetration by the systematic use of smoothing effects within huge catchment areas shown in a European example |
| veröffentlicht: | WINDPOWER 2001, AWEA |
| Typ: | Standard |
| Bearbeiter: | G. Czisch, B. Ernst, |
| Herausgeber: | Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnk e. V. Königstor 59, D-34119 Kassel Tel. +49-561-7294-0;Fax +49-561-7294-100 |
| Ort: | WINDPOWER 2001, AWEA, Washington |
| Projekte: | |
| Schwerpunkt: | Windenergie |
| Kurzbeschreibung: | Europe currently has by far the highest installed wind power capacity of all regions in the world. However, this is not due to Europe being the best possible place to build wind power, but rather to a favourable political climate. Owing to the rapidly increasing use of wind power, the aspect of integrating high levels of wind power into the grid is becoming more and more important. Because of the intermittent nature of wind, the quality of the electricity is affected by power fluctuations that can occur for short periods of time, such as a few seconds up to periods of a couple of months. The short term fluctuations even in small regions are significantly smoothed by increasing the number of turbines while long term variability decreases when the wind power is harvested from a large area. An area as big as Europe already shows good prospects for a smoothing of wind power output through the spatial distribution of generation. Furthermore there are areas surrounding Europe with high resources where harvesting of wind power could be economical, even including the costs of transport to Europe, using efficient transmission systems (such as High Voltage Direct Current HVDC) to harvest wind power for a European electricity supply. However, the variability significantly decreases when the wind power is harvested from such a large area. This paper presents analyses of power output data of individual wind turbines, wind farms, and clusters of wind farms on a wide range area up to some thousands of kilometres. With growing distances between wind farms a smoothing of the total power output occurs due to the lower correlation of wind speed. At high penetration this change of the temporal behaviour of the total wind power production significantly influences the backup systems necessary to provide a reliable electricity supply. By comparison of the electricity consumption and the available wind power the effect of spreading out wind energy generation to a large area is shown. Using only the existing storage capacity in Europe, a big proportion of the total electricity demand could be supplied by wind energy. The calculations are based on data from the German "250 Megawatt Wind" programme and from the European Centre for Medium- Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). |
| Beitrag: | Beitrag 1 |
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